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| Szolláth Hunor |
The
Relationship between Thinking about
Death and the Original
Sin in Medieval Europe |
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In my opinion the first fundamental factor to determine the medieval attitude towards death or the way people used to think about it was sin, the connection made between the original sin and death. From this fertile union was born the extraordinarily efficient unity of theology, that fettered the people of the Middle Ages. This amalgam was so powerful, that even a destructive catastrophe like the great plague epidemic could not change it. On the contrary, this made it even more accessible; it increased medieval people's affinity for the theories of the church. We can generally state: there was no thought, artistic or literary representation about death that would be free from the religious discourse; these creations were born in this religious spirit or came into being to serve this discourse. They were marked by religion and served religious thinking, in this way the masters of intimidation made people easily believe, aided by their devices: only man is culpable for all this. | |
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| András Sallai |
| Transcendental Subjectivity and Temporality |
The thematic starting-point of this paper is Martin Heidegger's objection against the Kantian transcendental analysis. Heidegger objects that in the case of the subject's transcendental definition Kant has not asked the basic question referring to the person's mode of existence. According to the Heideggerian critique the egocentric Cartesian conception of the subject keeps Kant confined to such an extent that he meanwhile disregards the fundamental essence of the subject's mode of existence, subjectivity. Basically the self-establishing essence of subjectivity is finality in Heidegger's opinion.
In connection with the critical attitudes which split the fundamental-ontological approach, I would like to survey and investigate some essential elements of Kant's transcendental-philosophical subject-conception: the dimensions of subjectivity, transcendentality and temporality. For seemingly this dimensional triangle holds the essence as regards the transcendental subject.
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| Ilona Sófalvi |
| Beyond subjectivity…Intersubjectivity? |
The transcendence of the dell between subject/object and subject/subject supposes the dissection of intersubjectivity. There is the problem if it is possible to transcend the Cartesian duality which lives even today in the philosophy of mind through the theory of mind (theory-theory, simulation-theory) and also on what other bases can we put the foundations of cognition, the understanding of the world and other subjects as being different from us.
The modern approaches dissolve the Cartesian duality, and the idea of an unopened subject. Their starting point is that we all live in an originally intersubjective world. The basic question is how does our intersubjectivity manifest itself ?
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| Erika Dóra Aczél |
| Limit Situations as
Philosophy in Everyday Life |
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This paper investigates the possibilities and chances of a relationship between my everyday experiences, situations and my reading-observations. On the one hand my study focuses on the topics of "limit" and "finity" in relation to the topic of "situation". In this procedure the experiences I made while attending children suffering from tumours play a prominent role, but the philosophical and hermeneutical literature - in the first place Karl Jaspers' works - have an important part as well. This opens a perspective on experience or rather creates a philosophy, which is not averse to experience and the challenges offered by this. | |
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